K-4 MATHEMATICS STANDARDS

MATHEMATICS AS REASONING

Critical thinking is the heart of mathematics. In fact, mathematical problems cannot be solved without reasoning the solution process and deciding if the answer is logical. This standard does not refer to the formal reasoning process, but it should portray the conjecturing, validating, refuting, and analyzing processes that are used to make sense of mathematics. Students can use various means to communicate their reasoning, such as oral discussion, construction of models, and written explanations.

In grades K­4, the study of mathematics should emphasize reasoning so that students can­

• draw logical conclusions about mathematics;

• use models, known facts, properties, and relationships to explain their thinking;

• justify their answers and solution processes;

• use patterns and relationships to analyze mathematical situations; and

• believe that mathematics makes sense.

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